Предприниматель | Информационно-аналитический журнал - Part 113

The Russian economy is flying into the hell

January 25th, 2015 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Strong growth, import substitution policy – so looked news background of the Russian economy until mid-2014. Then stagnation … Current projections are more pessimistic, have some international experts predict the decline of the Russian economy. Sanctions in response to the aggressive policy towards Ukraine and operate it recognizes even the Prime Minister DA Medvedev. At the current Davos, which start January 22, 2015, First Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov, speaking at a luncheon of the Savings Bank, said:

“We must prepare for the fact that people will go to market as unemployed,” – Shuvalov said. He stressed that one of the objectives of the government anti-crisis plan – to help “ordinary citizens and entrepreneurs to adapt to new realities”.

The new reality is not far, Russia has not reduced the degree at the border, but more than that it warmed up, its “humanitarian” convoy, shooting civilians in Mariupol, so the new sanctions are inevitable. This is what the crisis is thinking billionaire president of the corporation “Rusal” Oleg Deripaska.

“Russian business is not possible to raise funds either domestically or abroad. They (the lenders) are all the same. They look at the risks, and Russia is now under the greatest risk. Central Bank of the Russian business drives to the cemetery! This is just what and that the Central Bank and the government are making “- added Deripaska.

The main asset is Russian oil, accounting for 80% of federal Russian budget. For 2014 Russia sold 1 619 million. Barrels of oil at $ 101.72 for each. 1% fall deliveries Russia will lose $ 1.6 billion. Oil Urals, which are exported to Russia now sells for 46,952, is not difficult to calculate how much nedozarabotaet Russia in 2015, approximately 35% of Russia’s total budget, if not to sequester the budget for 2015 it will have to borrow money from the reserve fund, which has a proud the name of the national Welfare Fund of Russia (on December 12, 2014 – $ 88.94 billion). Under present circumstances, and oil prices, the Russian economy will stretch no more than two years, then have to cut the budget for the living.

SLR cameras: the choice for ergonomic parameters

December 24th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

When choosing SLR cameras should pay attention not only on their technical characteristics, but also on ergonomics. Use bulky models during long photo shoots pretty uncomfortable. By the end of shooting such device hands photographer very tired. The voltage produced in the muscles, usually leads to trembling, and it already can negatively affect the quality of images. Partially remove the load from the hands of the photographer, you can use a tripod, but this device is not everywhere and not always be used.

Therefore, it is necessary to initially select camera models that have low weight and compact dimensions, while no effect on the functionality of the device. Here in this catalog DSLRs presented ergonomic SLR cameras, the work that brings the mere pleasure. In all SLR cameras have an additional opportunity to image stabilization, which neutralizes “the effect of shaky hands.”

What can save you?

Most of the total weight of the SLR cameras, as well as their size, falls on those items, which are responsible for the quality of images. These details include the optical system, the viewfinder and the lens. Therefore, manufacturers try to ensure the ergonomics of its products through the search for the optimal hull shape SLR cameras, the selection of material for their manufacture, as well as the introduction of additional safety features.

Tips for beginners to experienced photographers

1. When selecting SLRs notice the presence of the rubber pads or grooved notches on the device. These seemingly insignificant details can prevent slipping from the hands of the camera. This is especially true in hot weather.
2. give preference to models in which the shutter release button is located on the slope of the casing. Such an arrangement is gaining popularity because it reduces stress fingers while shooting.
3. Completely eliminate the possibility of dropping the camera can not. Therefore, it is desirable to choose the camera, with shells made of metal or equipped with metal inserts that increase the stability of the equipment to shock, shock, mechanical damage.

Practice familiar with cameras

Newcomer immediately choose a suitable model is very difficult. After all, people do not have the experience of photographing similar equipment. With compact digital cameras, which usually start with all amateurs, SLR can not be compared. If the circle of acquaintances and friends are owners of SLR cameras, it is necessary to exhaustively examine them and be sure to hold the data model in hand. Perhaps some of you approved devices will attract the most. Then the model can be ordered from the online store at a bargain price for home delivery. When purchasing equipment inside the photographic choose several similar models in functionality, and then each of them “try on” to themselves.

Exit poll: Parliamentary elections 2014

October 26th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Given the low turnout of the elections to the parliament in 2006, Ukrainian voters decided on a vector of development of the country in the next 5 years.

According to the International exit poll, the Verkhovna Rada are 7 games with the results:

 

 

Block Petro Poroshenko – 22.2%

Narodny Front (Arseniy Yacenuk) – 21.8%

Party Andrey Sadovogo  “Samopomosh” – 14.2%

Radical Party Lashko Oleg – 6.4%

The Opposition block – 7.8%

Block of Right Forces “Svoboda” – 5.8%

VO “Batkivshina” – 5.6%

Exit poll Verkhovna Rada in 2014

Exit poll Verkhovna Rada in 2014

These exit polls suggest that the Prime Minister, voters still want to see Yatsenyuk, which will compete with the Bloc Poroshenko for first place in the final results of the elections. Voter confidence for the second was higher than his associates (note: Poroshenko in the presidential race scored 54.7%) in the parliamentary elections Block Poroshenko ahead of everyone, but with minimum disruption. Third place was taken by the party measure patriot gardens, which surprised the local elections in Kyiv council, and now surprised at the elections to the Verkhovna Rada. The primary analysis of electoral lists suggests that the present convocation will be many new and young faces. This gives hope that the new vision will affect the veteran, and yet the rules by which Parliament operates its second decade vary, parliamentarians and finally take on the notorious corruption in the public sector.

The primary and most important task – is the creation of the coalition, the results of which will be created by the government, the government, which should pull the country out of the debt crisis, and finally finish the military conflict in the interests of Ukraine.

Next to each party specifically …

What is different from the Business entity, LLC?

September 11th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

To find the difference between these two subjects of legal relations should be deepened and understand what a physical-face, and that is a legal entity.

Natural person entrepreneur

Physical person entrepreneur is the sole entities, he’s the director. An entity may have any desired branched structure, employees, accountants, lots of equipment, however, is responsible for everything an individual entrepreneur, and meets all of their property, and even of the cottage in the suburbs, which is written on it. What it means to meet all of the property? This means that if you took out a bank loan, he did not give up, the bank has the right to dispose of property from an individual entrepreneur to complete the full amount of the debt. That is all that is written on the FLP likely go under arrest on sale until completely extinguish the debt. This is a minus of this legal entity.

Pluses exceed the minuses. The biggest plus is the ease in accounting, and if you are on a simplified system of taxation, and even plus everything you do not have employees, to FLP generally not a problem even the FLP. Not only simplifies the management of taxes, reduced tax base and also, roughly speaking, take all your income and subtract the 5% or 3% if you work with VAT. Pay monthly 34.7% of the minimum wage as ERU (single social contribution), and sleep soundly.

FLP delivers reports or quarterly (3-4 groups) or once a year (1-2 groups). It is also necessary to place the report on ERUs, as the tax once a year. At this bookkeeping for FLP (Business entity) ends.

Limited Liability Company

Another thing is a legal entity – a limited liability company. A large tax burden, however if you are on a simplified taxation system reduces the amount of taxes, but not reports (statistics, tax, pension fund, unemployment … and it’s not a complete list), you have to go to a tax inspector once a month, and it whatever you have in your cash flow or not. Course to one entity does not work, you need to hire a professional accountant, or you can dig in, and then disentangle the problem when you can concentrate fully on building a business.

We conclude a legal entity created not for small firms, but at least for medium-sized businesses, where there is a large quantity of goods which is necessary to conduct the remains, debit / credit, where there are tangible or intangible assets. But if you’re going to start a big fight, that entity is just for you. Since only the most important advantage is the fact that a limited liability company is liable only for its authorized capital, which was adopted by the board of directors. It can be range from 800 USD and above.

Conclusion

If you are a small company and you want to have your own business, and not trample thresholds government agencies, your choice of FLP (Business entity). Reduced tax burden, ease of bookkeeping, lack of checks on government agencies for at least 3 years. Well, if you have planned a big deal, involving a large borrowed capital, the approval of the charter, you can not do without a legal entity.

 

How to Register a LLC?

September 10th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Registration of a legal person as opposed to registration SPD (FLP) takes much more effort and money.

Firstly you need to understand the difference between LLC from SAP? First of all the fact that the self-employed (SPD) is responsible for all property and LLC only within the authorized capital. What does this mean in practice? This means that if you took a large amount of credit and have not returned it, the bank has the right to sue for alienation of all your belongings within your long course, though, in the case of a legal person company with limited liability the bank has the right to sue only the amount of your authorized capital, which can be anything from a 1 billion USD to UAH.

Secondly, the legal entity is completely different from the physical, it’s a very different and more complex subject of economic relations, in the legal sense, which works on the basis of the received statute and consists of founders (owners). Let us from A to ZLLC registered in Ukraine.

  1. First, you need to come up with the name of a legal entity, it may not match the actual name of the company. For example if your company is from Dell, as a legal entity “New Technologies”, it is not against the law. Select the name of your own, everyone has their own fantasy. Before you register your name, state registrar checks if the same name in EGRPOU (unified state register). If the same name is not, register.
  2. In the second step you need to have to decide how much will be the founders. By law can not be more than 100 individual founders. The founders are: citizens of Ukraine, foreign citizens and stateless persons who have full civil legal capacity, legal entities established in Ukraine and in other countries.
  3. Each registrant LLC must have its registered office, this may be one of the founders of the living space, office or any other premises for which you have documents (rental agreement or the documents proving ownership).
  4. Next, you must create a share capital. Previously authorized capital should not be less than 100 minimum wages. from January 1, 2010, he was reduced to 1 minimum wage, and now there are no restrictions at all. The capital can be formed in monetary terms as well as in the property, such as an office or building can be a statutory fund. If one of the founders of the statutory fund will pen and write what it is worth $ 1 million, and all the other founders of this sign, then so be it.
  5. Then, by analogy with the registration SPD, you need to choose a CTEA 2010 klasifikatore economic activities, which activities will engage LLC.
  6. You have chosen to engage in activities which would be a legal entity, you now need to determine what kind of tax system you choose. In Ukraine, at the moment there: general taxation (19% income tax or 19% income tax + VAT 20%) and the simplified tax system (groups 4 and 6).
  7. Next you will need to register with the tax, pension fund and the authority of the state statistics.
  8. Account opening, we have described in the registration of the SAP. Here is a similar situation, a problem should arise.

Certainly – all external processes LLC registration, unlike SPD from the company that in the society of limited liability, there is also internal documentation such as financial statements of the company, minutes of meetings of the founding documents on the appointment of the CEO, the chief accountant, etc, decoration and certification of the statute. For all this, and you need a professional accountant, or your dreams of a business can turn into tax nightmares. We wish you success and prosperity!

How to register business entity?

September 9th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

So you’ve decided to take the entrepreneurial path, and does not depend on his uncle, working only for yourself, you want to become an entrepreneur, popularly SPD (entrepreneur). At the moment, the legal name – FLP (physical person-entrepreneur). In this article, we will gradually write out all the details of the registration of the SAP.

1. Select the activity code of the CTEA 2010.

Surely you’ve already decided what exactly you intend to do, but to tax what you do know, coined Classification of Economic Activities (CTEA 2010), select the activity you can follow the link. For tax you will need to choose one main and a number of additional activities. If you are sure that in the future will take something else, specify this code, it will not be worthless, but then run around, if you need to make one more activity in the Certificate of Incorporation of the SAP.

To engage in certain activities, you need licenses, such as oil refining, or sale of alcoholic beverages.

2. Refer to the single window for registration Business entity

To register you as an entrepreneur, you need to go into a single box, or if there is none, to the city executive committee at his residence. Attention! To do business, you can all over Ukraine, but are required to report to the place of registration, ie registration. Before you come back in a single window or a city council, you will need to bring along the following documents:

  1. Completed registration card for state registration FLP on Form 10;
  2. A receipt that confirms the payment of a registration fee of 2 non-taxable minimum incomes of citizens – 34.00 USD.Props you can get in the office where you are registered. Either the Ministry of Justice website: http://www.drsu.gov.ua/show/11767
  3. A copy of the identification code;
  4. Original passport;
  5. If you register your dad / mom or just a third party, you will also need a notarized copy of power of attorney.

The list of documents is exhausted. Any other documents you do not need to apply.

3. The registration tax, PF and State Statistics

Fortunately legislators mind you all the defects, and thanks to the Law and the Law №4839 №4834, entered into force on 17.12.2012, the improved principle of “single window” now do not have to become a separate registration with the tax, pension fund and state statistical agencies, rather get a single document – an extract from the Unified State Register of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, but it can get you when you are logged in a single window (as Gosregistrator to collect your data and register you as an entrepreneur, and then send this data to the agencies listed , then they give an answer that’s all right, you can get the account, that’s when you can come for an extract), this procedure usually lasts a week, but it is advisable to check with the state registrar, who will issue you a certificate of state registration. Also, if you are going to choose a single tax system, you can immediately apply for a flat tax directly at gosregistoratora. On the choice of the tax system on.

4. Select the tax system

You need to decide what kind of tax system you want to choose? Simplified system of taxation, or the general system of taxation? Most likely you will stay on a simplified system of taxation, then you will need to decide on the EH group. In more detail, what are the group on simplified tax system and how it differs from the general system of taxation can be found in a separate article.

To keep records of income, expenses you have to buy a book of income and expense (for each group has its own book). It is sold in each tax. It should be stitched and numbered. If you buy a book in a stationery shop, it numbered flash and you may have to, if you take it to the tax, the more likely there have already done it for you. Keep a book of income and expense you have to clear the rule: Payment received – written in the book. Once you’ve got the book, you need to take it to your inspector for registration.

Also from 01.01.2014, the single tax payer certificate canceled. Instead of it, you get a free Mindohodov bodies (tax) vytyag with the Register of single tax payers. But vytyag need to submit a separate application – RFQ on otrimannya vityagu s Reєstru platnikіv єdinogo podatku.

5. Make print or not to do?

Self-employed FLP can work without printing, but if you want to enhance the reputation of their company, you can make it, it will cost 500-700 USD (price includes direct printing pattern design and manufacture the most press). To do this, you will need to pay a visit to your regional department of the Ministry of Interior. Apply for a print to take permission for a print, and with the resolution of contacting the company that makes them. For everything you have to go from 2-3 days to a week.

However, the press is also minus any bank documents, tax documents, or any other body, you can not sign without printing. Also to place electronic reporting, you will also need two electronic key (signature and seal), not one (signature). In Europe, the press are long gone, sometimes used facsimiles, and that is rare.

6. Opening a bank account

To enjoy a full business, you need a bank account. Opening a bank account is not required, you have the right to make all payments in cash. If you need to work with the clearing settlement, here’s recommendations:

  • To begin, select the bank. It is desirable that there was a service of Internet banking, so you did not run for nothing in the office, and send payments directly from the office / home.
  • To open, you will need the following documents: Application for opening an account (give the bank), an extract from the Unified State Register of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, help shape number 4-OPP (if you are registered to 17.12.2012g), evidence of a single payer tax, passport and identification code.

If you have registered as a Sole proprietorship in 2013, then to open an account with an extract of the USR, passport and identification code.

 

The European way

August 24th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

In late June, finally Ukraine, represented by the President Poroshenko, signed an association agreement with the EU. The essence of this agreement in the joint integration of the economies of the European Union and Ukraine. What it looks like in practical terms? Simplify any movement of capital, reduced trade barriers, Ukrainian legislation will be “tightened” to European quality standards. That’s nice. But you would not expect from this agreement significant growth of the Ukrainian economy? This question can not respond if you know the meaning of the document was signed on association with the EU. Itself an association agreement between Ukraine and the EU is not a magic wand benefits, and the opening of barriers between the European Union and Ukraine, new opportunities so to speak, take advantage of our business if these opportunities or will continue to look at the easily accessible markets of the CIS and Asia, is an open question.

Calculations that let Ricardo Giucci of the German group of advisors to the Government of Ukraine and Veronika Movchan of the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting as follows: after the signing of the framework agreement on association with the EU, the welfare of Ukrainians will grow by 5%. If we continue the integration of the economies and sign extended agreement that welfare will increase by 12%. If Ukraine joined the Customs Union, the welfare of the contrary had fallen by 3.5%. Certainly it is a reason for optimism.

We now turn to the stock market, in this regard gave a comment Christoph Moser ETH in Zurich. The only conclusion which he did: the stock market of the EU and Ukraine as a whole has responded positively. And started to grow shares of Ukrainian companies, which not only work for export to the EU and exporters to the Customs Union. However, the second had a hard time right now, as Russia had began stopping trucks at the border.

If you read the studies of both Ukrainian and European economists can do for yourself the simple conclusion that the association of Ukraine is to win if it is not simply refer to themselves as Europe, but actually act and take its niche in the European Community.

Franchisee Manual

August 18th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Sorry, this entry is only available in Russian.

(Русский) Рынок евроспецодежды в Украине

August 17th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Sorry, this entry is only available in Russian.

From the Internet at home: a review of the freight market

July 10th, 2014 Журнал «Предприниматель»

Ukrainian market of online trading over the last few years demonstrates stable growth. Even in 2014, when economic instability negatively affects sales tabloid stores, the Internet market continues to gain momentum. Moreover, the online market is quick to respond to emerging needs of consumers. So, recently became popular to use online shops offering uniforms, ammunition, edged weapons, as well as embroidery and traditional costumes, the trend is clear for all reasons.

Such rapid development of the Internet market, will certainly attract the attention of companies operating in adjacent markets. Nothing surprising in the fact that for the right to serve online shopping started to fight shuttle cargo shippers. Some operators express delivery market is to online shopping accounts for more than half of the increase turnover. However, managed to gain a foothold in the segment is not everything.

But assessing the effectiveness of specific carriers with online trading is not so simple. To do this, at least, must be rated online stores to understand the scope of work of a particular seller. But these ratings can at least claim to objectivity, now simply does not exist. Also today there is no more or less adequate segmentation of the market. To exit from the situation and the fact that the market works on the Internet, as a starting point for analysis were taken rankings, compiled on the basis of site visits shops. In particular, popular ranking bigmir.net.

However, it is not all so simple. For example, under the heading “Online Stores” often leading positions are occupied not the shops, portals and directories that do not sell products, but only provide an overview of products. Also in this category rankings often ignore some popular auto parts stores (they are included in another category rating bigmir.net «Auto / Moto”). Many of the sites do not work with freight forwarders, preferring to deliver goods to customers. There are those who do not favor a particular operator express delivery, giving the consumer the right to choose the most. For example, the Odessa store «Volta bikes» ready to work with any suppliers, as well as to deliver the goods or shuttle transfer conductors / Railway if it is the will of the client.

To analyze the performance of carriers with Internet segment, we took the top 250 ranking bigmir.net, ruled out those companies who are undecided in choosing a freight forwarder or give the choice to the customer. Then added stores, included in other headings of this rating (in particular, the “Auto / Moto”), suitable in terms of attendance of their sites. The result was about a hundred online-points, which from mid-May to mid-June had coverage of the entire Ukrainian Internet audience at 0.01-0.1%.

It turned out that most of the popular virtual stores have very real off-line platform: warehouse or commercial enterprises. Delivery of the city their home stores usually carry their own. The same situation in those localities where there are representative online store (a rare but some online stores are opening point in 2-3 cities). Delivery to the regions they give the major players in the outsourcing market freight route, giving customers a choice of 3-4 options. Leading position is occupied “Autolux”, “In-Time” and “New Mail”. To a “second tier” carriers in popularity of online shopping include “Gunsel”, “Delayveri”, “Night Express” and “SAT”.

However, in the context of commodity categories situation varies. For example, the overall picture is exactly the same situation in the largest sector of online commerce – selling machinery, equipment, electronics, and modern gadgets. Here Twenty most popular among Internet users prefer stores to deliver products in the regions by the above companies. Most offers plenty of choices, sometimes focusing on a particular carrier. So, Donetsk shop “Computer technology” is ready to deliver the goods in six different companies, but specifies that the transport company “New Mail” as possible “cash on delivery”. Many stores offer no more than 2-3 options. So novomoskovskiy “Tehnovek” offers clients to take advantage of the “New Mail” or “In-Time”. The same situation is in stores “VTshop», «NextGame». There are those who are loyal to one carrier. And here, again, leading listed companies. For example, an online retailer of electronics «protoria» works only with the “New Mail”; «Gefest» – only with “In-Time”.

But in the popular segment “Everything for the car” the situation is ambiguous. It clearly can be divided into sub-categories “auto parts” and “tires / wheels.” In the last very strong companies like “Autolux”, “In-Time”, “New Mail”, “SAT”. And this is understandable. The fact that these carriers before the boom of online trading had good contacts with suppliers of these products. In particular, for the carriage wheels and tires they provide a separate preferential tariff system. Not surprisingly, having started selling goods over the Internet, manufacturers and dealers expressed a preference for the already established partners. In the subcategory “auto parts in general,” the choice of transport companies are much more extensive. You can also take advantage of services and “Delayveri” and “Express MIST”, “Night Express”, and even the delivery of “Ukrposhta”.

Incidentally, the state monopoly position very strong in the segment of “Goods for tourism, recreation and leisure.” This category structure is very difficult, as there are many seasonal items: bicycles and components, products for fishing, camping equipment, and more. But in the warm season on them for more than 10% of the total supply of online shopping. Besides “Ukrpochty” products in this category carry the “New Mail”, “In-Time”, “Autolux”, “Gunsel”, “Your time”, “Night Express” (listed in descending order of popularity among online merchants in this category). There is, however, interesting combinations. So, Kharkov shop “VELOstil” agree to work with “Ukrpochtoy” only if the destination no representation other carriers working with the company. Their colleagues from Kiev «veliki.com.ua» deliver the goods using the “New Mail” and “Delayveri”, specifying that the buyer can choose another company, but then obliged to pay 50% of the transportation cost.

In the product categories that are endowed with less user attention, according to rating bigmir.net, the situation is similar, but some features may be noted. So many shops offering clothes, prefer to use the services of “Ukrpochty” (as historically more during the heyday of “cataloging” trade). Sellers of furniture very rarely give in logistics outsourcing, as they often requires not only items directly delivery, but also skilled care when assembling the finished product directly to the customer’s premises. Shops specializing in garden tools, seeds and seedlings, work with “In-Time” and “New Mail”. Merchants Embroideries chosen “Autolux” supplies delivered using “MIST Express.”

However, it only trends. The market is growing, structured, changing. Take at least the following fact: recently online trade mainly based in the capital. Today, in the first hundred many popular shopping outlets, representing Odessa, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye. With increasing their positions can predict increasing the share of carriers whose positions are strongest in those regions. However, the situation on the eastern region is ambiguous – both in terms of online commerce, and as a whole in relation to socio-economic development in connection with the ongoing political processes. Therefore, we will observe the development of the market and report on trends and developments.

cite data analysis:

Structure of online stores that are included in the review, by product categories

Appliances and electronics – 37%

Parts – 14%

Leisure Products – 13%

Clothing, shoes, accessories – 10%

Home – 8%

Babies – 5%

Other – 13%

Online trading market structure in terms of regions based TT

Kiev – 85%

Other regions – 15%

Market Structure online trade by region-based CT (excluding Kyiv)

Odessa – 15%

Kharkiv – 12%

Dnepropetrovsk – 11%

Donetsk – 9%

Kherson – 6%

Lugansk – 5%

Zaporozhye – 5%

Cherkasy – 4%

Lviv – 3%

Ternopil – 3%

Other – 27%

RSS FeedПодпишитесь на нашу RSS ленту!